The First Assignment of DISCOURSE ANALYSIS

Name:Maya Ruhil Ahmani

NIM  :A320090069

Class :B

1. Explain in your own words what discourse study is.

Discourse analysis is a qualitative method that has been adopted and developed by social constructionists. Although discourse analysis can and

is used by a handful of cognitive psychologists, it is based on a view that is largely anti-scientific, though not anti-research. The focus of discourse analysis is any form of written or spoken language, such as a conversation or a newspaper article. The main topic of interest is the underlying social structures, which may be assumed or played out within the conversation or text. It concerns the sorts of tools and strategies people use when engaged in communication, such as slowing one's speech for emphasis, use of metaphors, choice of particular words to display affect, and so on.

2. Choose one short article in English from a newspaper and find the cohesion and deixis used within the article. Make the interpretation of the meaning of each kind of cohesion and deixis throughout the context of the text.

Indonesia Police Used Excessive Force During Fuel Price Protests: Kontras

Novianti Setuningsih | March 28, 2012

Indonesia’s Commission for Missing Persons and Victims of Violence has accused police of human rights violations after dozens of students were injured during protests against the government’s proposed fuel price hikes in Gambir, Central Jakarta, on Tuesday.

Haris Azhar, coordinator of the commission, known as Kontras, said the rights violations included police use of tear gas and water cannons on protesters, the attack itself, the arrests, the hunting down of protesters who fled to a nearby settlement, as well as the seizure of a TV journalist’s camera.

Haris also criticized alleged directives given to police officers by a local military command in Gambir to deal with the protesters, who were members of local student organizations.

The students and police officers clashed near the Gambir train station after the police attempted to block the students on their way toward the nearby Presidential Palace.

“The afternoon clash in Gambir shouldn’t have occurred if only the police had consequently implemented security procedures, which were applied in four other demonstration spots,” Haris said in a press statement on Tuesday evening.

He said at Gambir, police had at least abused Article 7 of the 2006 National Police regulation on Large Crowd Control by dealing with the protesters arrogantly, yelling at them and using foul language, as well as letting themselves become provoked by the protesters.

Police also abused a 2008 National Police regulation obliging officers to protect human rights, and a 2009 regulation that mandates police to only use force when really necessary, and that it should be proportional to the need.

“The excessive measures police officers still apply in dealing with protests in Jakarta and other regions in Indonesia show that the National Police have defied the principles of necessity and proportionality, as well as the aforementioned internal regulations. Police, in this case, still show an anti-people face,”  Haris said.

Kontras also admonished police for using force in dealing with anti-fuel price hike protests that turned violent in other parts of Indonesia, including in Medan on Monday where two protesters were shot with rubber bullets and two journalists were beaten by police officers.

An Analysis Deixis or Cohesion

1.      Indonesia’s Commission for Missing Persons and Victims of Violence has accused police of human rights violations after dozens of students were injured during protests against the government’s proposed fuel price hikes in Gambir, Central Jakarta, on Tuesday.

è Indonesia’s , Gambir , Central Jakarta is spatial deixis

è Tuesday is temporal deixis

2.      Haris Azhar, coordinator of the commission, known as Kontras, said the rights violations included police use of tear gas and water cannons on protesters, the attack itself, the arrests, the hunting down of protesters who fled to a nearby settlement, as well as the seizure of a TV journalist’s camera.

è Itself is cohesion of anaphoric  , refers to tear gas and water.

è TV journalist’s Camera, is person deixis

3.      Haris also criticized alleged directives given to police officers by a local military command in Gambir to deal with the protesters, who were members of local student organizations.

è Gambir, is Spatial deixis

4.      The students and police officers clashed near the Gambir train station after the police attempted to block the students on their way toward the nearby Presidential Palace.

è Gambir, Presidential Palace , is spatial Deixis

è Their, is cohesion of anaphoric, refers to The students and police

5.       “The afternoon clash in Gambir shouldn’t have occurred if only the police had consequently implemented security procedures, which were applied in four other demonstration spots,” Haris said in a press statement on Tuesday evening. He said at Gambir, police had at least abused Article 7 of the 2006 National Police regulation on Large Crowd Control by dealing with the protesters arrogantly, yelling at them and using foul language, as well as letting themselves become provoked by the protesters.

è Gambir, is a Spatial Deixis

è He, is cohesion of anaphoric, refers to Haris

è Them, themselves, is cohesion of anaphoric, refers to Police

è Afternoon, Tuesday, 2006, is temporal deixis

6.      Police also abused a 2008 National Police regulation obliging officers to protect human rights, and a 2009 regulation that mandates police to only use force when really necessary, and that it should be proportional to the need.

è 2008, 2009, is temporal deixis

è It, is cohesion of anaphoric, refers to regulation that mandates police

7.      “The excessive measures police officers still apply in dealing with protests in Jakarta and other regions in Indonesia show that the National Police have defied the principles of necessity and proportionality, as well as the aforementioned internal regulations. Police, in this case, still show an anti-people face,”  Haris said.

è Jakarta, Indonesia, is aspatial deixis

8.      Kontras also admonished police for using force in dealing with anti-fuel price hike protests that turned violent in other parts of Indonesia, including in Medan on Monday where two protesters were shot with rubber bullets and two journalists were beaten by police officers.

è Indonesia, Medan, is spatial deixis

è Monday, is temporal deixis